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Question:

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Based on the drug ad data, how many patients with diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for unstable angina (UA)/non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) need to be treated with Efrenzia to prevent 1 additional composite event as compared to clopidogrel?

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Explanation:

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The number needed to treat (NNT) is defined as the number of people that need to receive a treatment to prevent 1 additional adverse event.  It is calculated as the inverse of the absolute risk reduction (ARR).  As listed on the second page of the ad, in this study, patients with diabetes who had UA/NSTEMI had a 16.3% incidence of composite events with clopidogrel + aspirin and 12.3% with Efrenzia + aspirin.

ARR = 0.163 – 0.123 = 0.04

NNT = 1/ARR = 1/0.04 = 25

Compared to clopidogrel, Efrenzia would need to be given to at least 25 patients with diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for UA/NSTEMI in order to prevent 1 additional composite event (Choices A, B, D, and E).

Educational objective:
The number needed to treat (NNT) is defined as the number of people that need to receive a treatment to prevent 1 additional adverse event.  It is calculated as the inverse of the absolute risk reduction (ARR).